{"id":2492,"date":"2025-03-14T17:39:55","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T16:39:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/presto.digiamo.cz\/presto\/?p=2492"},"modified":"2025-07-15T10:34:17","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T08:34:17","slug":"ceska-prislovi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/ceska-prislovi","title":{"rendered":"\u010cesk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V\u00edte, co je&nbsp;<strong>paremiologie<\/strong>? Term\u00edn m\u016f\u017ee na prvn\u00ed pohled odkazovat k&nbsp;mnoha v\u011bcem. Vzhledem k&nbsp;tvaru je asi jasn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u016fjde o&nbsp;n\u011bjakou v\u011bdu. Ale jakou? Jedn\u00e1 se o&nbsp;p\u00e1ry? Dinosaury? S\u00fdry?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nebudeme v\u00e1s nap\u00ednat, jak ostatn\u011b napov\u00edd\u00e1 samotn\u00fd nadpis, jedn\u00e1 se o&nbsp;<strong>lingvistickou discipl\u00ednu zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edslov\u00edmi<\/strong>. Na ty se v&nbsp;tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku pod\u00edv\u00e1me i&nbsp;my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Obsah \u010dl\u00e1nku:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>definice p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>podoba p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>pou\u017eit\u00ed,<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>p\u0159\u00edklady \u010desk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" src=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-92-1024x681.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-92-1024x681.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-92-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-92-768x511.png 768w, https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-92.png 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edslov\u00edmi se patrn\u011b st\u00fdk\u00e1te u\u017e od \u00fatl\u00e9ho v\u011bku, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b byste jich dok\u00e1zali n\u011bkolik i&nbsp;vyjmenovat, ale p\u0159esn\u00e1 definice? Tu babi\u010dky zpravidla nesd\u011bluj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>My v\u00e1m ji ov\u0161em \u0159ekneme. Jedn\u00e1 se v&nbsp;podstat\u011b o&nbsp;<strong>ust\u00e1len\u00e9 v\u00fdroky, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed obecn\u011b platn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady nebo zku\u0161enosti mravou\u010dn\u00e9 povahy<\/strong>. Za pomoci nich jsou n\u00e1m ji\u017e od mali\u010dka v\u0161t\u011bpov\u00e1ny&nbsp;<strong>z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hodnoty na\u0161\u00ed kultury<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zpravidla maj\u00ed podobu&nbsp;<strong>r\u00fdmovan\u00e9ho dvojver\u0161\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 to zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli snadn\u00e9 zapamatovatelnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed x r\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed, r\u010den\u00ed, po\u0159ekadla\u2026 to mnoho lid\u00ed ch\u00e1pe jako synonyma. Ona to ale, v\u011b\u0159te tomu, nebo ne,&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.slovnik-synonym.cz\/\">synonyma<\/a>&nbsp;nejsou<\/strong>. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z&nbsp;t\u011bchto term\u00edn\u016f m\u00e1&nbsp;<strong>vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdznam<\/strong>, p\u0159esto\u017ee jsou si pochopiteln\u011b&nbsp;<strong>v mnoh\u00e9m podobn\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozd\u00edly jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>P\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>R\u010den\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Po\u0159ekadlo<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho moudra<\/td><td>produkt lidov\u00e9 fantazie<\/td><td>vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, bez mravn\u00edho pou\u010den\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>smysl = ponau\u010den\u00ed<\/td><td>smysl = pobaven\u00ed<\/td><td>smysl = sd\u00edlen\u00ed zku\u0161enosti<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>forma \u2013 cel\u00e9 v\u011bty, kter\u00e9 nelze rozd\u011blit \u010di p\u0159eformulovat<\/td><td>forma \u2013 \u010d\u00e1sti v\u011bt, s&nbsp;nimi\u017e lze manipulovat<\/td><td>forma \u2013 kr\u00e1tk\u00fd v\u00fdrok<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Za zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed v&nbsp;souvislosti s&nbsp;t\u00e9matem pak stoj\u00ed i&nbsp;<strong>pranostika<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 je takt\u00e9\u017e \u00fatvarem lidov\u00e9 slovesnosti. Od ostatn\u00edch \u00fatvar\u016f je rozeznateln\u00e1 \u00fapln\u011b nejsn\u00e1ze, vymyk\u00e1 se toti\u017e t\u00edm, \u017ee se t\u00fdk\u00e1&nbsp;<strong>ur\u010dit\u00fdch dn\u016f \u010di obdob\u00ed<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 velmi \u010dasto nap\u0159. p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1 po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edklady \u010desk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dost u\u017e ale definic\u00ed, poj\u010fme si p\u0159ipomenout&nbsp;<strong>n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze zn\u00e1m\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Kdo l\u017ee, ten krade (a&nbsp;do pekla se hrabe).<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Dvakr\u00e1t m\u011b\u0159, jednou \u0159e\u017e.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Co o\u010di nevid\u00ed, srdce nebol\u00ed.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Rann\u00ed pt\u00e1\u010de d\u00e1l dosk\u00e1\u010de.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ohe\u0148 je dobr\u00fd sluha, ale zl\u00fd p\u00e1n.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Bez pr\u00e1ce nejsou kol\u00e1\u010de.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Darovan\u00e9mu koni na zuby nehle\u010f.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Kdo jin\u00e9mu j\u00e1mu kop\u00e1, s\u00e1m do n\u00ed pad\u00e1.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Pes, kter\u00fd \u0161t\u011bk\u00e1, nekou\u0161e.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Sejde z&nbsp;o\u010d\u00ed, sejde z&nbsp;mysli.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se pod\u00edvejme i&nbsp;na n\u011bkter\u00e1&nbsp;<strong>r\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>rozum\u011bt n\u011b\u010demu jako koza petr\u017eeli<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>jeden o&nbsp;koze, druh\u00fd o&nbsp;voze<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>to nejlep\u0161\u00ed na konec<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>h\u00e1zet perly svin\u00edm<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>po\u0159ekadla<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>j\u00edt s&nbsp;barvou ven<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>vz\u00edt nohy na ramena<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>mluvit jako slep\u00fd o&nbsp;barv\u00e1ch<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>vytloukat kl\u00edn kl\u00ednem<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>a&nbsp;<strong>pranostiky<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Svat\u00fd Martin p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed na b\u00edl\u00e9m koni.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>B\u0159ezen, za kamna vlezem. Duben, je\u0161t\u011b tam budem.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Svat\u00e1 Lucie noci upije, ale dne nep\u0159id\u00e1.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Jak na Nov\u00fd rok, tak po cel\u00fd rok.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Shrnut\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed v\u0161ichni dob\u0159e zn\u00e1me, u\u017e ale moc ne\u0159e\u0161\u00edme, \u017ee rozeznat jejich v\u00fdznam mnohdy nen\u00ed t\u00edm nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem. Mnohem&nbsp;<strong>slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed toti\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt od sebe jednotliv\u00e9 \u00fatvary (p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed, r\u010den\u00ed, po\u0159ekadla) spr\u00e1vn\u011b rozeznat<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00edm se v\u0161ak v&nbsp;b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b tr\u00e1pit nemus\u00edme. Bohat\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed tyto p\u0159\u00edklady lidov\u00e9 slovesnosti zn\u00e1t a&nbsp;spr\u00e1vn\u011b u\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si tak\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/zajimavosti-o-dabingu\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2503\">Zaj\u00edmavosti o&nbsp;dabingu<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/pravopis-anglictina-velka-pismena-u-vseobecnych-pojmenovani\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"2214\"><strong>Velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena u&nbsp;v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00edte, co je&nbsp;paremiologie? Term\u00edn m\u016f\u017ee na prvn\u00ed pohled odkazovat k&nbsp;mnoha v\u011bcem. Vzhledem k&nbsp;tvaru je asi jasn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u016fjde o&nbsp;n\u011bjakou v\u011bdu. Ale jakou? Jedn\u00e1 se o&nbsp;p\u00e1ry? Dinosaury? S\u00fdry? Nebudeme v\u00e1s nap\u00ednat, jak ostatn\u011b napov\u00edd\u00e1 samotn\u00fd nadpis, jedn\u00e1 se o&nbsp;lingvistickou discipl\u00ednu zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edslov\u00edmi. Na ty se v&nbsp;tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku pod\u00edv\u00e1me i&nbsp;my. Obsah \u010dl\u00e1nku: Co je p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed S&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edslov\u00edmi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3026,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-slovnik-pojmu"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2492"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2492\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8618,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2492\/revisions\/8618"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3026"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}