![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-36-1024x686.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nCo byste m\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt o ital\u0161tin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ital\u0161tina je\u00a0rom\u00e1nsk\u00fd jazyk<\/strong>, podobn\u011b jako dal\u0161\u00ed jazyky z\u00a0t\u00e9to jazykov\u00e9 v\u011btve tedy\u00a0vznikla postupn\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem z\u00a0vulg\u00e1rn\u00ed latiny<\/strong>. Patrn\u011b v\u00e1s tedy ani nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed, je \u017ee v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch ohledech dal\u0161\u00edm rom\u00e1nsk\u00fdm jazyk\u016fm (\u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tina<\/a><\/strong>,\u00a0francouz\u0161tina<\/strong><\/a>\u2026) podobn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Za v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 historick\u00e9 miln\u00edky jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny 9. stolet\u00ed<\/strong>, kdy vznikaly prvn\u00ed italsk\u00e9 texty, a 14. stolet\u00ed<\/strong>, kdy k jej\u00edmu v\u00fdvoji p\u0159isp\u011bl zejm\u00e9na italsk\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk Dante Alighieri<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b jazykem mluv\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 milion\u016f mluv\u010d\u00edch<\/strong>, \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edm jazykem (p\u0159\u00edp. jedn\u00edm z \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edch jazyk\u016f) je pak ital\u0161tina:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zaslechnout ital\u0161tinu ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme i\u00a0ve st\u00e1tech, v\u00a0nich\u017e se vyskytuj\u00ed italsk\u00e9 men\u0161iny<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 t\u0159eba v\u00a0Chorvatsku, Lucembursku, USA, Kanad\u011b nebo na Malt\u011b. Nen\u00ed tedy p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, \u017ee\u00a0p\u0159eklady ital\u0161tiny<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0jsou st\u00e1le hodn\u011b \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u00e1p\u00ed n\u00e1s snad ve v\u0161ech jazyc\u00edch a je tomu tak i v ital\u0161tin\u011b, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 dialekt\u016f skute\u010dn\u011b po\u017eehnan\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Krom\u011b velk\u00fdch dialekt\u016f<\/strong> maj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u00ed t\u0159eba i jednotliv\u00e1 m\u011bsta<\/strong>, tak\u017ee porozum\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ob\u010das skute\u010dn\u011b o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ek, p\u0159esto\u017ee na teoretick\u00e9 \u00farovni m\u016f\u017eete ital\u0161tinu ovl\u00e1dat skv\u011ble. Mezi v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dialekty pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159. dialekt tosk\u00e1nsk\u00fd<\/strong> \u010di piemontsk\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jen m\u00e1lo lid\u00ed se za\u010dne u\u010dit ciz\u00ed jazyk jen tak z nudy nebo proto, \u017ee se jim zal\u00edb\u00ed. Obvykle k takov\u00fdm v\u011bcem pot\u0159ebujeme d\u016fvod. N\u011bco, co d\u011bl\u00e1 ten jazyk d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm. Jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam m\u00e1 ital\u0161tina?<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u016fvody, pro\u010d se u\u010dit zrovna ital\u0161tinu, nejsou \u00fapln\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 od d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se u\u010d\u00edme jazyky jin\u00e9. Hlavn\u00ed roli hraje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, cestovn\u00ed ruch<\/strong> a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b tak\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nemus\u00ed to b\u00fdt nutn\u011b jen pr\u00e1ce p\u0159\u00edmo v It\u00e1lii, kter\u00e1 po v\u00e1s vy\u017eaduje znalost jazyka. I v na\u0161\u00ed zemi p\u016fsob\u00ed \u0159ada firem, kde se v\u00e1m ital\u0161tina m\u016f\u017ee jednou hodit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n De\u2019Longhi<\/strong>, Ferrero<\/strong>, Lavazza<\/strong>, Pirelli<\/strong>, Dolce & Gabana<\/strong>\u2026 l\u00e1k\u00e1 v\u00e1s hv\u011bzdn\u00e1 kari\u00e9ra t\u0159ena v n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto italsk\u00fdch firem? Pak jist\u011b nen\u00ed od v\u011bci o ital\u0161tin\u011b alespo\u0148 n\u011bco m\u00e1lo v\u011bd\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Neopom\u00edjejme ani oblast vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. V It\u00e1lii mimo jin\u00e9 s\u00eddl\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed univerzita na sv\u011bt\u011b<\/strong>, a to Bolo\u0148sk\u00e1 univerzita<\/strong>, jej\u00ed\u017e vznik se datuje do 11.\u201312. stolet\u00ed<\/strong>. \u0158adu p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pak It\u00e1lie i ostatn\u00ed italsky mluv\u00edc\u00ed zem\u011b jist\u011b poskytuje i v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b. A v\u017edy je lep\u0161\u00ed vyjet za studiem s alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi znalostmi m\u00edstn\u00edho jazyka. Nebo snad ne?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0158\u00edm<\/strong>, Ben\u00e1tky<\/strong>, Pompeje<\/strong>, Sardinie<\/strong> nebo t\u0159eba Alpy<\/strong>. To je jen zlomek obl\u00edben\u00fdch destinac\u00ed, kde se mluv\u00ed italsky. Pokud chcete z\u00edskat hodnotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek (t\u0159eba i d\u00edky rozhovor\u016fm s m\u00edstn\u00edmi) nebo se zkr\u00e1tka sn\u00e1ze domluvit, op\u011bt s ital\u0161tinou neprohloup\u00edte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It\u00e1lie je bohat\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na na um\u011bn\u00ed z oblasti mal\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed<\/strong>, socha\u0159stv\u00ed<\/strong> \u010di architektury<\/strong> \u2013 ostatn\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky jsou pro n\u00e1s \u010dasto d\u016fvodem k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b tohoto jihoevropsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Najde se ale i spousta d\u011bl u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch verb\u00e1ln\u00edho projevu, kter\u00e1 stoj\u00ed za pozornost, mo\u017en\u00e1 dokonce za pozornost v origin\u00e1ln\u00edm zn\u011bn\u00ed. Z v\u011bt\u0161iny to nejsou d\u00edla masov\u00e9 kultury a nejsou u n\u00e1s konzumov\u00e1na v takov\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e jako nap\u0159. kultura americk\u00e1, nen\u00ed to ale o d\u016fvod nav\u00edc, pro\u010d se jim v\u011bnovat? Ur\u010dit\u011b stoj\u00ed za to naj\u00edt v sob\u011b tu \u010d\u00e1st, je\u017e se chce odli\u0161ovat od ostatn\u00edch, a zab\u00fdvat se pro zm\u011bnu italskou kulturou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ji\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku jsme zmi\u0148ovali jednoho z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch italsk\u00fdch b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f. Dante Alighieri<\/strong> p\u0159isp\u011bl k rozvoji ital\u0161tiny a tak\u00e9 obohatil sv\u011bt o svou Bo\u017eskou komedii<\/strong> (La Divina Commedia), jedno z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch liter\u00e1rn\u00edch d\u011bl sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 italsk\u00e9 tv\u016frce pat\u0159\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 t\u0159eba Niccol\u00f2 Machiavelli<\/strong> (Vlada\u0159, Mandragora), Giovanni Boccaccio<\/strong>(Dekameron) nebo Carlo Collodi<\/strong> (Pinocchiova dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ze sou\u010dasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tvorby stoj\u00ed za zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed kup\u0159\u00edkladu italsk\u00fd filozof a spisovatel Umberto Eco<\/strong> (Jm\u00e9no r\u016f\u017ee) \u010di italsk\u00e1 spisovatelka Elena Ferrante (Neapolsk\u00e1 s\u00e1ga).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Franco Corelli, Andrea Bocelli, <\/strong>Luciano Pavarroti<\/strong><\/a>\u2026 i to jsou jm\u00e9na italsk\u00fdch zp\u011bv\u00e1k\u016f (zejm\u00e9na tedy v oblasti klasick\u00e9 hudby), kter\u00e1 rozhodn\u011b stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Z popul\u00e1rn\u00ed hudby by v\u00e1m pak mohlo n\u011bco \u0159\u00edkat t\u0159eba jm\u00e9no Umberto Tozzi<\/strong><\/a>, jeho\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b byly mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159ezp\u00edv\u00e1ny i do \u010de\u0161tiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kdo n\u011bkdy sly\u0161el o v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 Elen\u011b Ferrante, mo\u017en\u00e1 tak\u00e9 v\u00ed, \u017ee jej\u00ed d\u00edlo bylo p\u0159edlohou seri\u00e1lu Geni\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtelkyn\u011b<\/strong><\/a>(L\u2019amica geniale). Ten m\u00e1 v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b dv\u011b \u0159ady a je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed volbou, pokud si chcete poslechnout ital\u0161tinu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 shl\u00e9dnout n\u011bjak\u00fd nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed seri\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zapomenout nesm\u00edme ani na italsk\u00fd film \u017divot je kr\u00e1sn\u00fd<\/strong><\/a> (La vita \u00e9 bella) z roku 1997, kter\u00fd prom\u011bnil 3 ze 7 oscarov\u00fdch nominac\u00ed<\/strong>, a to v kategori\u00edch hlavn\u00ed herec, zahrani\u010dn\u00ed film a dramatick\u00e1 hudba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Na z\u00e1v\u011br si poj\u010fme ji\u017e klasicky p\u0159ipomenout n\u011bkter\u00e9 zaj\u00edmavosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se italsk\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pr\u00e1v\u011b ital\u0161tina se v anket\u00e1ch hledaj\u00edc\u00edch nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jazyky sv\u011bta zpravidla dr\u017e\u00ed \u2013 spole\u010dn\u011b s dal\u0161\u00edmi rom\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi jazyky \u2013 na p\u0159edn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u00a0angli\u010dtinou<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0do letadla, s\u00a0ru\u0161tinou<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0do kosmu\u2026 a s\u00a0ital\u0161tinou do sv\u011bta klasick\u00e9 hudby! Pr\u00e1v\u011b ital\u0161tina je toti\u017e\u00a0jazykem hudebn\u00ed terminologie<\/strong>. Jsou to p\u0159esn\u011b ty pojmy jako staccato \u010di crescendo, kter\u00e9 jste jist\u011b zaregistrovali minim\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159i hodin\u00e1ch hudebn\u00ed v\u00fdchovy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Je to tak. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ale nemysl\u00edme kontinent, n\u00fdbr\u017e jeho pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed, jeho\u017e p\u016fvod \u00fadajn\u011b le\u017e\u00ed ve jm\u00e9n\u011b italsk\u00e9ho cestovatele a objevitele, j\u00edm\u017e byl Amerigo Vespucci<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d ital\u0161tina zn\u00ed na\u0161im u\u0161\u00edm tak lahodn\u011b, je mo\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b ta skute\u010dnost, \u017ee italsk\u00e1 slova zpravidla nekon\u010d\u00ed souhl\u00e1skou<\/strong>. Spaghetti, a cappella, espresso, intermezzo, tagliatelle\u2026 Vid\u00edte? \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 souhl\u00e1ska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne It\u00e1lie, \u0159ada z n\u00e1s si pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159edstav\u00ed pizzu, t\u011bstoviny nebo k\u00e1vu. P\u0159esn\u011bji tedy dobrou pizzu, dobr\u00e9 t\u011bstoviny a dobrou k\u00e1vu \u2013 podle Ital\u016f zaru\u010den\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed. Co ale t\u0159eba takov\u00e1 ital\u0161tina? Ovl\u00e1d\u00e1te ji? L\u00edb\u00ed se v\u00e1m jazyk (nejen) Ital\u016f? A\u0165 je va\u0161e odpov\u011b\u010f jak\u00e1koli, poj\u010fme se v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku pod\u00edvat na: Co byste m\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt o ital\u0161tin\u011b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2896,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-slovnik-pojmu"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2359","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2359"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8537,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2359\/revisions\/8537"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2896"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-37-1024x683.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nDialekty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdznam<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Cestovn\u00ed ruch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-38-884x1024.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nUm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Literatura<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Hudba<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Film<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-39-1024x768.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n4 zaj\u00edmavosti o ital\u0161tin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. Nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jazyk sv\u011bta?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
2. Jazyk hudby<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
3. Jak \u017ee vznikla Amerika? Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v It\u00e1lii!<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
4. A co na konec? Rozhodn\u011b ne souhl\u00e1sky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky o sv\u011btov\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n