{"id":2235,"date":"2025-03-14T12:20:11","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T11:20:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/presto.digiamo.cz\/presto\/?p=2235"},"modified":"2025-07-05T13:33:43","modified_gmt":"2025-07-05T11:33:43","slug":"preklad-strojovy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/preklad-strojovy","title":{"rendered":"Strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad (machine translation) je automatizovan\u00fd p\u0159evod textu z&nbsp;jednoho jazyka do druh\u00e9ho, vyhotoven\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm programem bez lidsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu. K&nbsp;\u010demu lze takov\u00fd p\u0159eklad v&nbsp;praxi vyu\u017e\u00edt?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V&nbsp;tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se dozv\u00edte<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Co je strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad (machine translation)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Typy strojov\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rozd\u00edl mezi strojov\u00fdm p\u0159ekladem a&nbsp;CAT n\u00e1stroji<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K&nbsp;\u010demu se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"609\" src=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-8-1024x609.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-8-1024x609.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-8-300x178.png 300w, https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-8-768x457.png 768w, https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/image-8.png 1080w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Zdroj: https:\/\/getit.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/machine-translation-1110&#215;660-1.webp<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad (machine translation)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad neboli machine translation (MT), p\u0159edstavuje proces automatizovan\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu z&nbsp;jednoho jazyka do jin\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd je vyhotoven&nbsp;pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159ekladov\u00e9ho softwaru&nbsp;bez lidsk\u00e9 pomoci, zohledn\u011bn\u00ed kontextu a&nbsp;kulturn\u00ed n\u00e1stavby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fdsledky takov\u00fdchto p\u0159eklad\u016f nejsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 kvalitn\u00ed a&nbsp;slou\u017e\u00ed pouze k\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00edmu porozum\u011bn\u00ed. Je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozli\u0161ovat mezi strojov\u00fdm p\u0159ekladem a\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/cat-nastroje\">po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem podporovan\u00fdm p\u0159ekladem (CAT)<\/a><\/strong>, kter\u00fd pouze pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159ekladateli p\u0159i jeho pr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00e9 typy strojov\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu existuj\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad zalo\u017een\u00fd na pravidlech<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad zalo\u017een\u00fd na pravidlech pracuje s&nbsp;gramatikou a&nbsp;jazykov\u00fdmi pravidly, kter\u00e1 vytvo\u0159ili odborn\u00edci na <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/uredni-jazyk\">jazyky<\/a><\/strong> a&nbsp;slovn\u00edky. Tyto p\u0159eklady mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159izp\u016fsobeny konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu t\u00e9matu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o&nbsp;nejstar\u0161\u00ed typ strojov\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu, je\u017e m\u00e1 hned n\u011bkolik nev\u00fdhod, v\u010detn\u011b nutnosti zna\u010dn\u00e9ho lidsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu, po\u017eadavk\u016f na ru\u010dn\u00ed vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed jazyk\u016f a&nbsp;obecn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 kvality. Lze jej vyu\u017e\u00edt u&nbsp;jednoduch\u00fdch p\u0159eklad\u016f, kde je pot\u0159eba rychl\u00e9 pochopen\u00ed v\u00fdznamu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Statistick\u00fd strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento typ strojov\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu nespol\u00e9h\u00e1 na jazykov\u00e1 pravidla ani slova, ale u\u010d\u00ed se p\u0159ekl\u00e1dat na z\u00e1klad\u011b anal\u00fdzy velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159eklad\u016f realizovan\u00fdch p\u0159ekladateli. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed statistick\u00fd model ze vztah\u016f mezi slovy, fr\u00e1zemi a&nbsp;v\u011btami v&nbsp;textu. Aplikuje model na druh\u00fd jazyk tak, aby tyto prvky p\u0159evedl do nov\u00e9ho jazyka. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem vylep\u0161uje strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad zalo\u017een\u00fd na pravidlech, ale sd\u00edl\u00ed mnoho podobn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Neuronov\u00fd strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Neuronov\u00fd strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 um\u011blou inteligenci (AI) a&nbsp;s\u00e1m se u\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ekl\u00e1dat pomoc\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 neuronov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b. Tento typ strojov\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu poskytuje zda\u0159ilej\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky p\u0159i p\u0159ekladu v&nbsp;jednotliv\u00fdch jazykov\u00fdch p\u00e1rech. Je p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a&nbsp;umo\u017e\u0148uje snaz\u0161\u00ed p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jazyk\u016f. St\u00e1le v\u0161ak zdaleka nedok\u00e1\u017ee nahradit lidsk\u00fd p\u0159eklad v&nbsp;mnoha ohledech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rozd\u00edl mezi strojov\u00fdm p\u0159ekladem a&nbsp;CAT n\u00e1stroji<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak jsme uvedli v\u00fd\u0161e, strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad (machine translation) je proces, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m je p\u0159eklad generov\u00e1n po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm softwarem. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vznik\u00e1 automaticky bez lidsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu. P\u0159ekladatelsk\u00e9 technologie CAT na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b jsou softwarov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/prace-prekladatele\">p\u0159ekladatel\u00e9<\/a><\/strong> vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ke zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed a&nbsp;urychlen\u00ed sv\u00e9 n\u00e1pln\u011b pr\u00e1ce. T\u00edm, kdo vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159eklad, je v&nbsp;tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tedy p\u0159ekladatel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak mu p\u0159i tom konkr\u00e9tn\u011b n\u00e1stroje CAT pom\u00e1haj\u00ed? T\u00edm, \u017ee mu nab\u00eddnou ji\u017e p\u0159elo\u017een\u00e9 term\u00edny a&nbsp;fr\u00e1ze ulo\u017een\u00e9 v&nbsp;datab\u00e1zi zvan\u00e9&nbsp;p\u0159ekladov\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165. To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotnosti terminologie. Identick\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy a&nbsp;fr\u00e1ze tak mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1ny v\u017edy stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, i&nbsp;kdy\u017e na p\u0159ekladu pracuje v\u00edce p\u0159ekladatel\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K&nbsp;\u010demu se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ekladatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed k&nbsp;dispozici v\u00edce sofistikovan\u00e9 profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed programy pro strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak nedok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed pln\u011b nahradit lidsk\u00fd mozek a&nbsp;slou\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ekladatel\u016fm sp\u00ed\u0161e jako&nbsp;pomocn\u00edk v&nbsp;p\u0159ekladatelsk\u00e9m procesu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159ekladatel\u00e9 mohou ze strojov\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu vych\u00e1zet, nicm\u00e9n\u011b mus\u00ed v&nbsp;takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b d\u016fkladn\u011b zkontrolovat a&nbsp;opravit ve\u0161ker\u00e9 v\u011bcn\u00e9, terminologick\u00e9 a&nbsp;stylistick\u00e9 chyby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zda p\u0159ekladatel vyu\u017eije strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad jako&nbsp;inspiraci pro vlastn\u00ed p\u0159eklad, nebo z&nbsp;n\u011bj bude vych\u00e1zet t\u00edm, \u017ee jej pouze zkontroluje a&nbsp;oprav\u00ed, z\u00e1vis\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b na kvalit\u011b dan\u00e9ho strojov\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu a&nbsp;typu p\u0159ekl\u00e1dan\u00e9ho textu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud pot\u0159ebujete p\u0159elo\u017eit jak\u00fdkoli typ dokument\u016f, nev\u00e1hejte se na n\u00e1s obr\u00e1tit. Celou nab\u00eddku na\u0161ich p\u0159eklad\u016f si m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00e9dnout&nbsp;<a href=\"page\/preklady\"><strong>zde<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad (machine translation) je automatizovan\u00fd p\u0159evod textu z&nbsp;jednoho jazyka do druh\u00e9ho, vyhotoven\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm programem bez lidsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu. K&nbsp;\u010demu lze takov\u00fd p\u0159eklad v&nbsp;praxi vyu\u017e\u00edt? V&nbsp;tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se dozv\u00edte Zdroj: https:\/\/getit.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/machine-translation-1110&#215;660-1.webp Co je strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad (machine translation)? Strojov\u00fd p\u0159eklad neboli machine translation (MT), p\u0159edstavuje proces automatizovan\u00e9ho p\u0159ekladu z&nbsp;jednoho jazyka do jin\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd je vyhotoven&nbsp;pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159ekladov\u00e9ho [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-slovnik-pojmu"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2235"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2235\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8477,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2235\/revisions\/8477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.presto.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}